Economics

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http://hdl.handle.net/10066/327

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    Melting Pot or Mosaic: The Impact of Social Sentiment on Immigrant-Native Wage Differentials
    (2024) Chow, Adam; Preston, Anne Elizabeth
    Examining community survey and census data in the United States and Canada for increments of five years from 2001-2021, this study finds that environments that promote stronger assimilation (such as the US’ “melting pot”) provide immigrants with a shorter amount of time (around 6 years less) to close the immigrant-native wage gap than environments that don’t require strong assimilation (such as Canada’s “mosaic”). While rates of assimilation appear similar in both countries, the longer duration in Canada is due to a larger inherent wage gap between immigrants and natives. This pattern remains constant across several types of demographics, such as different ages at immigration, birthplaces and educational attainment levels.
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    The Impact Of Ca-Pfl On Mothers’ Share Of Household Income
    (2024) Pritha, Aryal; Preston, Anne Elizabeth
    I explore the effects of the California Paid Family Leave (CA-PFL) on the gender-based disparity in labor market outcomes within spouses in a household. Utilizing a differences-in-differences and event study methodology, I examine how CA-PFL has affected mothers’ share of real household income and mothers’ labor force participation. I also explore the effect of CA-PFL on the total household income. I use ACS data from 1999-2012 for the analysis. I found that CA-PFL led to a reduction in the total household income but had no statistically significant effect on mothers’ share of household income or mothers’ labor force participation. The negative effect of CA-PFL on the total household income seems to have been driven by households with both white spouses.
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    Collective Safety: The Impact of Right-to-Work Legislation on Workplace Injury Rates
    (2024) Eicher, Kirin; Ball, Richard J.
    I analyze the extent of the effect of Kentucky’s 2017 right-to-work (RTW) legislation on injury rates, using workplace-level injury data from the Occupational Health and Safety Administration’s Injury Tracking Application. The main specification uses a difference-in- differences model to estimate the causal impact of the RTW law on injuries and total days away from work at Kentucky workplaces, where Ohio is used as a control group. I also perform the same analysis on the sample of workplaces within the Cincinnati metropolitan area. The results suggest that the RTW law potentially reduced injury rates in Kentucky workplaces, thereby improving workplace safety. As a second avenue of analysis, I use a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition to determine how much of the difference in injury rates is due to pretreatment level differences in workplace characteristics, namely workplace size and sector. These differences explain little variation in the differences in injury rates between Kentucky and Ohio.
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    Behind the Box Office: Directorial Influence on Film Revenue in the United States Entertainment Industry
    (2024) Healy, Elizabeth; Preston, Anne Elizabeth
    This paper investigates the link between director quality and box-office success in terms of domestic gross values and IMDb ratings for films released from 2002-2016 in the United States. The analysis utilizes two measures of director quality: a summation of the domestic gross from all of the producer’s films 15 years prior to the current one and the number of accumulated awards received in the 15 years prior to the film. I ultimately find that for every 1% increase in director quality with respect to previous monetary success, there is an increase between 0.0289% and 0.0307% on domestic gross of the film. However, quality in terms of previous critical success has no effect on domestic gross. In addition, being a first-time director leads to a decrease in domestic gross, having previous acting experience leads to a decrease, and being a female director leads to a decrease in domestic gross. When looking at the director quality effect on IMDb rating, for every one-unit increase in the number of director awards and nominations there is a rating increase between 0.0183 and 0.0270 points. Previous box-office success has no effect on the IMDb rating. Additionally, being a first-time director, enrolling in film school, and having more years of industry experience increases ratings, while an increase in director age decreases ratings.