Contrastive Focus on the Null Copula in African American English
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2018
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Swarthmore College. Dept. of Linguistics
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en
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Full copyright to this work is retained by the student author. It may only be used for non-commercial, research, and educational purposes. All other uses are restricted.
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Abstract
In this thesis, I investigate the distribution of the null copula in African American English
(AAE). Unlike previous accounts that have viewed the null copula as a purely phonological
or syntactic phenomenon, I explore how semantic focus affects the acceptability
of null copula sentences. I consider two broad categories of focus, presentational and
contrastive, whose categorization has been argued for in Kiss (1998), Krifka (2008), and
Gussenhoven (2007). There is a brief discussion of cross-linguistic data regarding the
impact of focus on null copulas, as well as the unique impact of contrasti ve focus on syntactic
structures, cross-linguistically. The core data presented in this thesis was collected
through experimental research. It suggests that contrastive focus improves the acceptability
of null copula sentences in AAE, while presentational focus showed no conclusive
results on the acceptability of such sentences. Based on these results, I encourage more research
be done on the relationship between focus and null copulas, and on the similarities
and differences between contrastive and presentational focus cross-linguistically.