Browsing by Subject "Social interaction"

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    “Shame on You”: Collectivistic cultural values influence the relationship between shame experiences and psychosocial well-being
    (2024) Castellón, Alexandra Miranda; Wang, Shu-wen
    This study examined whether collectivistic cultural values moderated the relationship between shame experiences and psychosocial well-being (self-esteem, satisfaction with life, perceived social support, depression, anxiety, and stress). Shame remains a significantly understudied emotion, yet recent literature indicates its potential adaptiveness within harmony collectivistic cultural settings. This study aims to enhance our understanding of shame's role in harmony cultures and collect empirical data on its function in convivial collectivistic cultural contexts. Overall, we hypothesized that collectivistic cultures (and their respective cultural values) would mitigate the association between shame experiences and negative psychosocial well-being outcomes. We used a sample (N = 446) with participants from Japan (harmony collectivists), Mexico (convivial collectivists), and the United States (individualists) to measure shame proneness & frequency and adherence to collectivistic cultural values. Surprisingly, we found no significant differences in shame proneness and frequency between the three country groups. Nevertheless, our analyses revealed that harmony collectivistic cultural values are protective against the maladaptive links between shame withdrawal and self-esteem. Moreover, harmony collectivistic cultural values are protective against the maladaptive links between shame withdrawal and satisfaction with life. Contrarily, harmony collectivistic cultural values exacerbated the maladaptive links between shame negative self-evaluation and perceived social support. Additionally, the convivial collectivistic cultural value of simpatía is protective against the maladaptive links between shame withdrawal and self-esteem. Also, simpatía is protective against the maladaptive links between shame withdrawal and depression, and against the maladaptive links between shame withdrawal and perceived social support. Overall, this study suggests that people higher on collectivism may not be as disadvantaged by shame than their low-collectivism values counterparts.
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    “Shame on You”: Collectivistic Cultural Values Influence the Relationship between Shame Experiences and Psychosocial Well-being
    (2024) Cheng, Katy Anne; Wang, Shu-wen
    Objective: Shame is an understudied emotion, especially amongst individuals in collectivistic cultures. Previous research has suggested that East Asians/ harmony collectivists in particular are more tolerant of shame than people in Western, individualistic societies. The current study aims to build upon theoretical research by comparing how three distinct cultural groups (harmony collectivistic, convivial collectivistic, and individualistic) differ on their frequency and likelihood of feeling shame, and how this emotion is related to psychosocial well-being. Method: We utilized a mixed-methods approach by collecting both quantitative and qualitative data through online surveys from participants in the United States (n = 144), Mexico (n = 162), and Japan (n = 140). Information was collected on shame proneness and frequency, personal shame experiences, and various psychosocial well-being outcomes (self-esteem, satisfaction with life, stress, anxiety, depression, and perceived social support). Results: Participants from the three countries did not differ on their likelihood of, and frequency of experiencing shame. Surprisingly, increased shame proneness and frequency predicted decreased psychosocial well-being across all three groups. However, harmony collectivistic cultural values buffered against the maladaptive associations between shame and decreased life satisfaction, along with shame and decreased self-esteem. Convivial collectivistic values protected against maladaptive relationships between shame and decreased self-esteem, decreased perceived social support, and increased depression symptoms. Conclusions: While shame was experienced as a maladaptive emotion for all participants, greater endorsement of collectivistic values led people to be less disadvantaged by shame compared to their individualistic counterparts, suggesting that shame serves a functional purpose within collectivism.