Browsing by Subject "Interpersonal relations"
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- ItemA prototype analysis of missing : centrality, valence, and correlates of the experience of interpersonal separation(2003) Fiorentino, RemyTo date there has been no research on the experience of 'missing' in romantic relationships. The current study seeks to define and analyze the concept of missing from a prototype perspective. In Study 1, subjects listed features of missing. In Study 2, centrality and valence rankings for these features were collected, and a prototype of missing was created. Analysis revealed significant differences in how each gender defined missing. Analysis also revealed a number of significant correlations between specific feature ratings and attachment style, implicit theories of relationships, self-esteem, and neuroticism. The correlations between centrality/valence of features and certain personality traits, such as low self-esteem, suggest serious potential problems in the context of a 'missing' situation. Each independent variable yielded a prototype that differed significantly from the general prototype, suggesting that it may be crucial to relationship stability and satisfaction to understand how one's partner might define missing differently from one's self.
- ItemA Prototype Analysis of Missing in a Geographically Separated Relationship: Validation, Correlates, and Implications(2005) Feinberg, Emily; Le, BenjaminThe current research used a prototype analysis to study the experience of missing a partner in a geographically separated relationship. In Study 1, the prototype of missing was validated using cognitive tasks and relationship vignettes. As hypothesized, results showed more recall for central features and more false recognition for central features. Relationships including central features were also rated as experiencing more “missing” than relationship including non-central features. In Study 2, the experience of missing was looked at in a long distance relationship sample. Using an online survey, a missing scale created using its prototype, was measured in addition to commitment, loneliness, and other various relationship and personality dimensions. As hypothesized, results found a moderate correlation between missing and commitment and a small, but significant correlation between missing and loneliness. These findings validated the prototypical structure of missing and also found it to be separate from the experience of loneliness. The function of missing as a pro-relationship motivation was also discussed. Future research on the experience of missing in relation to individual and relationship differences is suggested, in addition to a focus on the nature of the separation and relationship involved.
- ItemPrototype Analysis of the Concept of Missing(2003) Porricelli, Lisa A.; Le, Benjamin; Sternberg, Wendy
- ItemPsychological Distress, Power, Relationship Quality, and Attachment in Romantic Relationships(2016) Petersen, Juliana; Le, BenjaminPsychological distress, the opposite of well-being, is an important variable to examine due to its significance in the enhancement of clinical treatments, mental health, and the experience of daily life. The present study examines the associations between attachment, relationship quality, power, and psychological distress in romantic relationships. Power is evaluated in multiple ways; participants reported overarching levels of power, as well as conflict resolution techniques and levels of decision-making power. A questionnaire was posted on Amazon Mechanical Turk and 697 participants completed it for a dollar. Utilizing regression and testing for mediation, lower power and negative conflict resolution techniques were associated with heightened psychological distress and lowered relationship quality. Additionally, higher levels of attachment anxiety and avoidance were associated with higher psychological distress and relationship satisfaction. Lastly, negative conflict resolution styles were found to be partial mediators between attachment and psychological distress. Considering this information, future research should focus on examining power in more relationship-specific domains, as well as using clinical populations in order to expand upon treatments for individuals and couples.
- ItemWhat is Good and Expected is Beautiful: The Effects of the Reverse Halo Effect and Expectancy on Perceived Attractiveness(2005) Pires, Philip; Boltz, MarilynThe present study examined the influence of specific personality information on perceived attractiveness, affiliation, and perceived similarity. The trait dimensions adjustment, social concern, dominance, social competence, intellectual competence, and conscientiousness were examined. Additionally, the present study tested Burgoon's model of expectancy violations concerning perceptual judgments of attractiveness. Subjects were presented with personality vignettes, followed by pictures of varying attractiveness (i.e., attractive, neutral, unattractive). Support for the reverse halo effect was found; however, Burgoon's model was not supported. Moreover, personality information was found to interact uniquely with attractiveness level; traits which affected perceptual judgments for attractiveness, affiliation, and similarity varied for each attractiveness level. The results as set indicate that perceptions of attractiveness, similarity, affiliation are dependent upon the interaction of target attractiveness and personality.